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1940s Italy Alpine skiing International Championship Participant BIG badge pin:
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Monte Rosa(Italian:massiccio del Monte Rosa;German:Monte Rosa-Massiv;French:massif du Mont Rose) is amountain massifin the eastern part of thePennine Alps. It is betweenItaly\'s (PiedmontandAosta Valley) andSwitzerland\'s (Valais). Monte Rosa is the second highest mountain in the Alps and western Europe, afterMont Blanc.[2]

The group is on thewatershedbetween central and southernEuropeand has a prominence of 2165 meters which is ranked fifth in the Alps.

The Monte Rosa massif has four faces. Three are in Italy: theLiskammheading above the Val de Gressoney; the Valsesian face aboveAlagna Valsesiaat the upper part of theValle della Sesia; and the steep, big east wall aboveMacugnagain theValle Anzasca. The Swiss north-western face has several glaciers (with one of the largest Alpine glaciers) flowing towards theMattertalwithZermatt.[1]

Its main summit, namedDufourspitzein honor of the surveyorGuillaume-Henri Dufourand wholly located inSwitzerland,[3]culminates at 4,634m (15,203ft) and is followed by the five nearly equally high subsidiary summits andSignalkuppe. Some other over 4000 m peaks such asPiramide Vincent,Punta Giordani, andCorno Neroare wholly in Italy. Monte Rosa is thehighest mountainof bothSwitzerlandand thePennine Alpsand is also thesecond-highest mountainof theAlpsand Europe outside theCaucasus.[1][4][5]

The north-west side of the central Monte Rosa massif, with its enormous ice slopes and seracs, constitutes the boundary and upper basin of the largeGorner Glacier, which descends towardsZermattand merges with its nowadays much larger tributary, theGrenzgletscher(English:\'Border Glacier\'), right below theMonte Rosa Huton the lower end of the visible western wing. The Grenzgletscher is an impressive glacier formation between the western wing of the mountain andLiskamm, a ridge on its southwestern side on the Swiss-Italian border. On the eastern side, in Italy, the mountain falls away in an almost vertical 2,400-metre-high (7,900ft) wall of granite and ice, the biggest in Europe, overlooking Macugnaga and several smaller glaciers.[1]

Monte Rosa, Italy

Monte Rosa was studied by pioneering geologists and explorers, includingLeonardo da Vinciin the late fifteenth century andHorace-Bénédict de Saussurein the late eighteenth century. Following a long series of attempts beginning in the early nineteenth century, Monte Rosa\'s summit, then still calledHöchste Spitze(lit.\'highest peak\'), was first reached in 1855 from Zermatt by a party of eight climbers led by three guides. The great east wall was first climbed in 1872, from Macugnaga.[citation needed]

Each summer many climbers set out from the Monte Rosa Hut on the mountain\'s west wing for one of its summits via thenormal routeor for theMargherita Huton theSignalkuppe(Italian:\'Punta Gnifetti\'), used as a research station. Many tourists and hikers also come each year to theGornergraton the northwest side of the massif, to see the panorama that extends over the giants of the Alps, from Monte Rosa to theMatterhorn.

Macugnaga(Walser German:Z\'Makana) is a mountain village and acomuneat 1,327 metres (4,354ft) elevation, in theprovince of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola, in the north of thePiedmontregion ofItaly.

Valle Anzasca

It is located at the base ofMonte Rosa(4,638 metres (15,217ft)), the second-tallest mountain in western Europe, alongValle Anzasca, one of the seven valleys around the mount.

Sights in the town include theChiesa Vecchia(old church) and its linden also of the 13th century, theChiesa Nuova(new church) built in 1707, the 17th centuryCasa Pala. The town also houses a museum of mountaineering, while in the hamlet of Borca is theWalserMuseum, devoted to the local German population who colonised the valley during the Middle Ages coming from the Swiss cantonWallis.

The parish church.

The area gives many opportunities for skiing in winter (a cableway brings from the central square of the town to the 3000m (9800ft) of thePasso del Monte Moroon the border with Switzerland), and hiking and mountaineering in summer. There are a swimming pool, a tennis centre, and a football field for sport activities.

The village is also known for its mine (Miniera della Guia).